Tlacochahuaya is a community of indigenous origin. By spoken tradition it is assumed that the village was founded in the year 1,100. Having grown the Zapotecs, they had to spread around looking for better lands, heading southeast. The inhabitants were independent and accustomed to inhabiting hills; according to this thesis, which assumed that the dispersion in which they lived and the difficult topography of the mountains in which they inhabited, was a people that went a long time without conquering. The temple and convent were built in the mid-16th century by the Dominican Friars. His protector, Friar Jordan of St. Catherine, thought of a house of observation where the Dominicans could keep the law for the sanctification of the soul. Its plateresque altars should be highlighted with images of The Virgin of the Rosary, the Descent, Mary and the Child and the Argangel Gabriel. One of the most beautiful pictorial works is the Saint Jerome of the indigenous painter Juan de Arrué.

Yagul is located on a steep hill in the Tlacolula Valley to the east of the City of Oaxaca. Yagul emerges as a center of rector in this area after the decline of Monte Albán, so it is identified as part of the cities state characteristic of the Late Classic or Epicclassic. The main structures and buildings of Yagul were distributed in various planes following the slope of the hill from north to south. One of the most interesting aspects of Yagul is the presence of mural painting on floors and walls of its structures, an element that has deserved the attention of scholars not only of archaeology, but also of art historians. On the other hand, evidence of human occupation from very early times has been found in the vicinity of Yagul; particularly in the rocky massifs adjacent to the current road (White Horse site) where rocky coats have been found with traces of cave paintings linked to nomadic groups.

The city is the main shopping center in the Tlacolula Valley area, and best known for its weekly open-air market on Sundays. This market is one of the oldest, largest and busiest in Oaxaca, mostly selling food and other needs for the many rural people who come to the city on this day to go shopping. The city is also home to a 16th-century Dominican church, whose chapel, the Chapel of the Lord of Tlacolula, is known for its ornate Baroque decoration and crucifix to which many miracles have been attributed. Outside the city itself, the municipality is home to the archaeological site of Yagul. and a number of a group of hundred caves and rock shelters documenting the prehistoric transition of people from hunting and harvesting to agriculture based on the domestication of maize and other plants.