Hoa Lu was the ancient capital of Vietnam in the 10th and 11th centuries. Located in Ninh Binh province, about 100 km south of Hanoi, Hoa Lu is surrounded by dramatic limestone mountains and peaceful rice fields. This historic site was once the political and cultural center of the country under the Dinh and Early Le dynasties. Today, visitors can explore the temples dedicated to King Dinh Tien Hoang and King Le Dai Hanh, learn about Vietnam’s early history, and enjoy the beautiful natural landscape that makes Ninh Binh known as “Halong Bay on land.”

Tam Coc is a peaceful countryside area surrounded by limestone mountains, lush rice fields, and calm rivers. Visitors explore it mainly by small sampan boats rowed by local women, often using their feet to paddle, which is a unique and impressive sight. As the boat drifts along the Ngo Dong River, travelers pass through three dark yet beautiful caves formed by water erosion — each decorated with hanging stalactites. The views are especially breathtaking during rice harvest season (May–June), when the fields turn golden yellow.